Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a substantial concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various aspects

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable strength to shield delicate skin. This calming element has long been used in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective properties. Creating a physical shield on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively reflects harmful sunlight, h